diskimage-builder/diskimage_builder/lib/common-functions

#!/bin/bash
# Copyright 2012 Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P.
# All Rights Reserved.
#
# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); you may
# not use this file except in compliance with the License. You may obtain
# a copy of the License at
#
#     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
#
# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT
# WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. See the
# License for the specific language governing permissions and limitations
# under the License.

# This is the "internal" verison of dib-run-parts.  If you modify
# this, be aware that it needs to run both inside and outside the
# chroot environment, so it needs to be very generic.
DIB_RUN_PARTS=${_LIB}/dib-run-parts

function tmpfs_check() {
  local echo_message=${1:-1}
  [ "$DIB_NO_TMPFS" == "0" ] || return 1
  [ -r /proc/meminfo ] || return 1
  total_kB=$(awk '/^MemTotal/ { print $2 }' /proc/meminfo)
  # tmpfs uses by default 50% of the available RAM, so the RAM should be at least
  # the double of the minimum tmpfs size required
  RAM_NEEDED=$(($DIB_MIN_TMPFS * 2))
  [ $total_kB -lt $(($RAM_NEEDED*1024*1024)) ] || return 0
  if [ $echo_message == '1' ]; then
    echo "WARNING: Not enough RAM to use tmpfs for build. Using ${TMP_DIR:-/tmp}. ($total_kB < ${RAM_NEEDED}G)"
  fi
  return 1
}

function mk_build_dir () {
  TMP_BUILD_DIR=$(mktemp -t -d --tmpdir=${TMP_DIR:-/tmp} dib_build.XXXXXXXX)
  TMP_IMAGE_DIR=$(mktemp -t -d --tmpdir=${TMP_DIR:-/tmp} dib_image.XXXXXXXX)
  [ $? -eq 0 ] || die "Failed to create tmp directory"
  export TMP_BUILD_DIR
  if tmpfs_check ; then
    sudo mount -t tmpfs tmpfs $TMP_BUILD_DIR
    sudo mount -t tmpfs tmpfs $TMP_IMAGE_DIR
    sudo chown $(id -u):$(id -g) $TMP_BUILD_DIR $TMP_IMAGE_DIR
  fi
  trap trap_cleanup EXIT
  echo Building in $TMP_BUILD_DIR
  export TMP_IMAGE_DIR
  export OUT_IMAGE_PATH=$TMP_IMAGE_PATH
  export TMP_HOOKS_PATH=$TMP_BUILD_DIR/hooks
}

function finish_image () {
    if [ -f $1 -a ${OVERWRITE_OLD_IMAGE:-0} -eq 0 ]; then
      old_image="${1%.*}"-$(date +%Y.%m.%d-%H.%M.%S).${1##*.}
      echo "Old image found. Renaming it to $old_image"
      mv "$1" "$old_image"
      if [ -f "$1.md5" ]; then
        mv "$1.md5" "$old_image.md5"
      fi
      if [ -f "$1.sha256" ]; then
        mv "$1.sha256" "$old_image.sha256"
      fi
    fi

    mv $OUT_IMAGE_PATH $1
    if [ "$DIB_CHECKSUM" == "1" ]; then

      # NOTE(pabelanger): Read image into memory once and generate
      # both checksum files.
      # NOTE(ianw): we've seen issues with this waiting for
      # our outfilter.py wrapper when containerised (probably due to
      # no tty).  Waiting for just these processes is a bit of hacky
      # workaround ...
      declare -a wait_for
      md5sum $1 > $1.md5 & wait_for+=($!)
      sha256sum $1 > $1.sha256 & wait_for+=($!)
      wait "${wait_for[@]}"
    fi
    echo "Image file $1 created..."
}

function save_image () {
    finish_image $1
}

function copy_hooks_not_overwrite () {
    _DIR=$(basename $1)
    test -d $TMP_HOOKS_PATH/$_DIR || mkdir $TMP_HOOKS_PATH/$_DIR
    for _HOOK in $(ls $1); do
      if [ ! -f $TMP_HOOKS_PATH/$_DIR/$_HOOK ]; then
        echo "Copying hooks $1/$_HOOK"
        cp -t $TMP_HOOKS_PATH/$_DIR -a $1/$_HOOK
      else
        echo "There is a duplicated hook in your elements: $_ELEMENT/$_DIR/$_HOOK"
        exit 1
      fi
    done
}

function generate_hooks () {
    local xtrace
    xtrace=$(set +o | grep xtrace)
    set +o xtrace

    local dir
    local file

    eval declare -A image_elements=($(get_image_element_array))

    mkdir -p $TMP_HOOKS_PATH

    for i in "${!image_elements[@]}"; do
        local element=$i
        local element_dir=${image_elements[$i]}

        echo "Copying hooks for ${element}"

        for dir in $(find $element_dir \
                          -follow -mindepth 1 -maxdepth 1 \
                          -type d \
                          -not -name tests \
                          -not -name __pycache__); do
            copy_hooks_not_overwrite $dir
        done
        for file in $(find $element_dir \
                           -follow -maxdepth 1 \
                           -type f \
                           -not -name '*.pyc'); do
            cp -t $TMP_HOOKS_PATH -a $file
        done
    done

    $xtrace
}

# Call the supplied break-in routine if the named point is listed in the break
# list.
# $1 the break point.
# $2.. what to call if a break is needed
function check_break () {
  if echo "${break:-}" | egrep -e "(,|^)$1(,|$)" -q; then
    echo "Starting debug shell. Exit to resume building." >&2
    echo At stage $1 >&2
    shift
    "$@"
    echo "Resuming" >&2
  fi
}

# Check that a real element has been chosen (prevents foot-guns)
function check_element () {
  [ -d $TMP_HOOKS_PATH ] || generate_hooks
}

# Run a hook, looking for a regex in its stdout, and eval the matched lines.
# $1 is the hook to run
# $2 is the regex to look for
function eval_run_d () {
    local run_output=$(mktemp)
    trap "rm -f $run_output; check_break after-error ${break_cmd:-bash}" ERR
    run_d $1 $run_output
    if grep -q "$2" $run_output; then
        local temp=$(grep "$2" $run_output)
        eval "$temp"
    fi
    rm $run_output
    trap - ERR
}

# Get any process that appears to be running in $TMP_BUILD_DIR
function _get_chroot_processes () {
    # Deselect kernel threads, and use a python script to avoid
    # forking lots and lots of readlink / grep processes on a busy
    # system.
    ps --ppid 2 -p 2 --deselect -o pid= | xargs ${DIB_PYTHON_EXEC:-python} -c '
import os
import sys

for pid in sys.argv[2:]:
    try:
        root = os.readlink("/proc/%s/root" % pid)
    except:
        continue
    if sys.argv[1] in root:
        print("%s" % pid)
' $TMP_BUILD_DIR
}


function kill_chroot_processes () {
    local xtrace
    xtrace=$(set +o | grep xtrace)
    set +o xtrace

    local pidname

    if [ -z "${1}" ]; then
        echo "ERROR: no chroot directory specified"
        exit 1
    fi

    for pid in $(_get_chroot_processes); do
        # If there are open files from the chroot, just kill the process using
        # these files.  This is racy, but good enough
        pidname=$(cat $piddir/comm 2>/dev/null || echo "unknown")
        echo "Killing chroot process: '${pidname}($pid)'"
        sudo kill $pid
    done

    $xtrace
}

function cleanup_build_dir () {
    if ! timeout 10  sh -c " while ! sudo rm -rf $TMP_BUILD_DIR/built; do sleep 1; done"; then
        echo "ERROR: unable to cleanly remove $TMP_BUILD_DIR/built"
        exit 1
    fi
    sudo rm -rf $TMP_BUILD_DIR/mnt
    kill_chroot_processes $TMP_BUILD_DIR
    if tmpfs_check 0; then
        # If kill_chroot_processes did not succeed then we have to wait for
        # init to reap the orphaned chroot processes
        if ! timeout 120 sh -c "while ! sudo umount -f $TMP_BUILD_DIR; do sleep 1; done"; then
            echo "ERROR: failed to umount the $TMP_BUILD_DIR tmpfs mount point"
            exit 1
        fi
    fi
    rm -rf --one-file-system $TMP_BUILD_DIR
}

function cleanup_image_dir () {
    kill_chroot_processes $TMP_IMAGE_DIR
    if tmpfs_check 0; then
        if ! timeout 120 sh -c "while ! sudo umount -f $TMP_IMAGE_DIR; do sleep 1; done"; then
            echo "ERROR: failed to umount the $TMP_IMAGE_DIR tmpfs mount point"
            exit 1
        fi
    fi
    rm -rf --one-file-system $TMP_IMAGE_DIR
}

# Run a directory of hooks outside the target (that is, no chrooting).
function run_d() {
    check_element
    check_break before-$1 ${break_cmd:-bash}
    if [ -d ${TMP_HOOKS_PATH}/$1.d ] ; then
        echo "Running hooks from ${TMP_HOOKS_PATH}/$1.d"
        if [ -n "$2" ]; then
            ${DIB_RUN_PARTS} ${TMP_HOOKS_PATH}/$1.d | tee $2
            if [[ ${PIPESTATUS[0]} != 0 ]]; then
                return 1
            fi
        else
            ${DIB_RUN_PARTS} ${TMP_HOOKS_PATH}/$1.d
        fi
    fi
    check_break after-$1 bash
}

function _arg_defaults_hack() {
    # The block-device configuration looks in all elements for a
    # "block-device-default.yaml" file.  The "vm" element used to
    # provide the default block-device, which was fine when there was
    # only one option; but now we have mbr, gpt & efi versions.
    #
    # So now the vm element has a dependency on the block-device
    # element, which several different elements can provide.  However,
    # for backwards compatability we need to ensure you can still
    # build without specifying it.  Thus if we see the vm element, but
    # no block-device-* element, we will automatically add the old
    # default MBR.
    #
    # Note that you can still override this by setting
    # DIB_BLOCK_DEVICE_CONFIG; any value there will be taken over the
    # element defaults.  In this case you'd have "block-device-mbr" as
    # an element, but it wouldn't actually be used for configuration.
    #
    # XXX: if this is becoming a common problem, we could have some
    # sort of "element-defaults" that maps a "element-deps" entry to a
    # default.
    local vm_seen
    local blockdev_seen
    local elements

    for arg do
        if [[ $arg = vm ]]; then
            vm_seen=1
        elif [[ $arg = block-device-* ]]; then
            blockdev_seen=1
        fi
        elements="$elements $arg"
    done

    if [[ -n "${vm_seen}" && -z "${blockdev_seen}" ]]; then
        if [[ "arm64 aarch64" =~ $ARCH ]] ; then
            elements="$elements block-device-efi"
        else
            elements="$elements block-device-mbr"
        fi
    fi

    echo $elements
}

function arg_to_elements() {
  for arg do IMAGE_ELEMENT="$IMAGE_ELEMENT $arg" ; done

  IMAGE_ELEMENT="$(_arg_defaults_hack $IMAGE_ELEMENT)"

  if [ "$SKIP_BASE" != "1" ]; then
    IMAGE_ELEMENT="base $IMAGE_ELEMENT"
  fi
  if [ "$IS_RAMDISK" == "1" ]; then
    IMAGE_ELEMENT="$RAMDISK_ELEMENT $IMAGE_ELEMENT"
  fi
  echo "Building elements: $IMAGE_ELEMENT"
  export IMAGE_ELEMENT

  # element-info will output bash code to create
  #  * IMAGE_ELEMENT
  #     legacy list of elements
  #
  #  * IMAGE_ELEMENT_YAML
  #     YAML dictionary with key=element, value=path
  #
  #      import os
  #      import yaml
  #      yaml.load(os.getenv('IMAGE_ELEMENT_YAML')
  #
  #  * function get_image_element_array
  #     Function to create Bash associative-array.  Since bash can not
  #     export array variables, we provide a function to populate the
  #     variables.
  #
  #      # we need the eval, it expands the string for the array create
  #      eval declare -A image_elements=($(get_image_element_array))
  #      for i in ${!image_elements[@]}; do
  #        element=$i
  #        path=${image_elements[$i]
  #      done
  elinfo_out="$(${DIB_PYTHON_EXEC} ${_LIB}/element-info.py --env ${IMAGE_ELEMENT})"
  if [ $? -ne 0 ]; then
      echo "ERROR: element-info failed to expand elements."
      exit 1
  fi
  eval "$elinfo_out"
  echo "Expanded element dependencies to: $IMAGE_ELEMENT"
}

function create_base () {
    mkdir $TMP_BUILD_DIR/mnt
    # Make sure the / inside the chroot is owned by root
    # If it is not owned by root, some Ubuntu bionic packages will fail
    # path validation at install time.
    sudo chown root.root $TMP_BUILD_DIR/mnt
    export TMP_MOUNT_PATH=$TMP_BUILD_DIR/mnt
    # Copy data in to the root.
    TARGET_ROOT=$TMP_MOUNT_PATH run_d root
    if [ -z "$(ls $TMP_MOUNT_PATH | grep -v '^lost+found\|tmp$')" ] ; then
        # No root element copied in. Note the test above allows
        # root.d elements to put things in /tmp
        echo "Failed to deploy the root element."
        exit 1
    fi

    # Configure Image

    # Save resolv.conf as created by the initial install.  Note the
    # .ORIG file is an exported interface -- it may be modified and we
    # will copy it back in during finalisation of the image.
    # Note that we use -L and -f to test here as test (and bash [[)
    # return false with -e if the link target does not exist.
    if [ -L $TMP_MOUNT_PATH/etc/resolv.conf ] || [ -f $TMP_MOUNT_PATH/etc/resolv.conf ] ; then
        sudo mv $TMP_MOUNT_PATH/etc/resolv.conf $TMP_MOUNT_PATH/etc/resolv.conf.ORIG
    fi

    # Recreate resolv.conf
    sudo touch $TMP_MOUNT_PATH/etc/resolv.conf
    sudo chmod 777 $TMP_MOUNT_PATH/etc/resolv.conf
    # use system configured resolv.conf if available to support internal proxy resolving
    if [ -e /etc/resolv.conf ]; then
        cat /etc/resolv.conf > $TMP_MOUNT_PATH/etc/resolv.conf
    else
        echo nameserver 8.8.8.8 > $TMP_MOUNT_PATH/etc/resolv.conf
    fi
    mount_proc_dev_sys
}

# Get mount options for mounting /dev/pts
# Kernel commit https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/torvalds/linux.git/commit/?id=eedf265aa003b4781de24cfed40a655a664457e6
# introduced in v4.7 allows multiple instances of devpts. However,
# some distributions are running older kernels so we need to take
# care on what options we use to mount a new instance of devpts
# filesystem since it's not completely independent. The best thing
# to do is to simply use the existing mount options.
function mount_dev_pts_options() {
    echo "-o $(findmnt --first-only /dev/pts --noheadings --output OPTIONS)"
}

function mount_proc_dev_sys () {
    # supporting kernel file systems
    sudo mount -t proc none $TMP_MOUNT_PATH/proc
    sudo mount --bind /dev $TMP_MOUNT_PATH/dev
    sudo mount -t devpts $(mount_dev_pts_options) devpts $TMP_MOUNT_PATH/dev/pts
    # /sys is mounted RO inside non-privledged containers, thus
    # mounting this RO in the chroot here is an indication to
    # systemd/udev and other things that you are inside a container.
    # This is generically safe and can help avoid issues where things
    # we don't control like pre/post scripts try to do things that
    # don't work when building inside a dib container like udevadm
    # --settle calls, etc.
    sudo mount -o ro -t sysfs none $TMP_MOUNT_PATH/sys
}

# Recursively unmount directories under a given directory DIR
# usage:
#  unmount_dir DIR
function unmount_dir {
    local dir="$1"
    local real_dir
    local mnts
    local split_mounts
    local found_mountpoint

    if [ ! -d $dir ]; then
        echo "*** $dir is not a directory"
        return 0
    fi

    # get rid of any symlink elements in the incoming path, because
    # /proc/mounts is the real path
    real_dir=$(readlink -e $dir)

    # populate the exported mountpoints
    IFS='|' read -ra split_mounts <<< "$DIB_MOUNTPOINTS"


    # note the "/" on real_dir ... we are just looking for things
    # mounted *underneath* this directory.
    mnts=$(awk '{print $2}' < /proc/mounts | grep "^$real_dir/" | sort -r)
    for m in $mnts; do
        # check if suffix is in array
        found_mountpoint=false
        for mountpoint in "${split_mounts[@]}"; do
            if [[ "$mountpoint" != "/" ]]; then
                if [[ "$m" == *$mountpoint ]]; then
                    echo "Mountpoint $m managed by block device; skipping"
                    found_mountpoint=true
                    break
                fi
            fi
        done
        if [ $found_mountpoint == false ]; then
            # unmount the directory as it is not managed by block device
            echo "Unmount $m"
            sudo umount -fl $m || true
        fi
    done
}

# Create YAML config file for the block device layer
# The order here is: use the one the user provides - if there is
# none provided, fall back to the possible one element which
# defines a fallback configuration.
# Parameters:
#   - name of the to be created config file
function block_device_create_config_file {
    # nosiy; we manually trace
    local xtrace
    xtrace=$(set +o | grep xtrace)
    set +o xtrace

    local config_yaml="$1"

    if [[ ${DIB_BLOCK_DEVICE_CONFIG:-} == file://* ]]; then
        cp $(echo ${DIB_BLOCK_DEVICE_CONFIG} | cut -c 8-) ${config_yaml}
        echo "Using file-based block-device config: ${DIB_BLOCK_DEVICE_CONFIG}"
        $xtrace
        return
    fi
    if [ -n "${DIB_BLOCK_DEVICE_CONFIG:-}" ]; then
        printf "%s" "${DIB_BLOCK_DEVICE_CONFIG}" >${config_yaml}
        echo "User specified block-device config from DIB_BLOCK_DEVICE_CONFIG"
        $xtrace
        return
    fi

    # Search the elements for a matching block-device config.
    # XXX: first match wins?
    echo "Searching elements for block-device[-${ARCH}].yaml ..."
    eval declare -A image_elements=($(get_image_element_array))
    for i in ${!image_elements[@]}; do
        local cfg
        # look for arch specific version first, then default
        if [[ "ppc64le ppc64el" =~ $ARCH ]] ; then
            # NOTE(tonyb): ppc64el and ppc64le are the same archttechture, it's
            # just different distro's have different names.  So if we're either
            # of them pick the block-device-ppc64el.yaml file
            cfg=${image_elements[$i]}/block-device-ppc64el.yaml
        else
            cfg=${image_elements[$i]}/block-device-${ARCH}.yaml
        fi
        if [ -e ${cfg} ]; then
            cp ${cfg} ${config_yaml}
            echo "Using block-device config: ${cfg}"
            $xtrace
            return
        else
            cfg=${image_elements[$i]}/block-device-default.yaml
            if [ -e ${cfg} ]; then
                cp ${cfg} ${config_yaml}
                echo "Using block-device config: ${cfg}"
                $xtrace
                return
            fi
        fi
    done
    echo "... done"

    # how did this get here?
    if [ -e ${config_yaml} ]; then
        die "${config_yaml} exists?"
    fi

    echo "Using default block-device fallback config"
    # If no config is there (until now) use the default config

    cat >${config_yaml} <<EOF
- local_loop:
    name: image0
    mkfs:
      name: mkfs_root
      mount:
        mount_point: /
        fstab:
          options: "defaults"
          fsck-passno: 1
EOF

    $xtrace
}