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GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE
Version 2, June 1991
Copyright (C) 1989, 1991 Free Software Foundation, Inc.,
51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA
Everyone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim copies
of this license document, but changing it is not allowed.
Preamble
The licenses for most software are designed to take away your
freedom to share and change it. By contrast, the GNU General Public
License is intended to guarantee your freedom to share and change free
software--to make sure the software is free for all its users. This
General Public License applies to most of the Free Software
Foundation's software and to any other program whose authors commit to
using it. (Some other Free Software Foundation software is covered by
the GNU Lesser General Public License instead.) You can apply it to
your programs, too.
When we speak of free software, we are referring to freedom, not
price. Our General Public Licenses are designed to make sure that you
have the freedom to distribute copies of free software (and charge for
this service if you wish), that you receive source code or can get it
if you want it, that you can change the software or use pieces of it
in new free programs; and that you know you can do these things.
To protect your rights, we need to make restrictions that forbid
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These restrictions translate to certain responsibilities for you if you
distribute copies of the software, or if you modify it.
For example, if you distribute copies of such a program, whether
gratis or for a fee, you must give the recipients all the rights that
you have. You must make sure that they, too, receive or can get the
source code. And you must show them these terms so they know their
rights.
We protect your rights with two steps: (1) copyright the software, and
(2) offer you this license which gives you legal permission to copy,
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Finally, any free program is threatened constantly by software
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The precise terms and conditions for copying, distribution and
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GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE
TERMS AND CONDITIONS FOR COPYING, DISTRIBUTION AND MODIFICATION
0. This License applies to any program or other work which contains
a notice placed by the copyright holder saying it may be distributed
under the terms of this General Public License. The "Program", below,
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is covered only if its contents constitute a work based on the
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Whether that is true depends on what the Program does.
1. You may copy and distribute verbatim copies of the Program's
source code as you receive it, in any medium, provided that you
conspicuously and appropriately publish on each copy an appropriate
copyright notice and disclaimer of warranty; keep intact all the
notices that refer to this License and to the absence of any warranty;
and give any other recipients of the Program a copy of this License
along with the Program.
You may charge a fee for the physical act of transferring a copy, and
you may at your option offer warranty protection in exchange for a fee.
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These requirements apply to the modified work as a whole. If
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In addition, mere aggregation of another work not based on the Program
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except as expressly provided under this License. Any attempt
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implemented by public license practices. Many people have made
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to distribute software through any other system and a licensee cannot
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This section is intended to make thoroughly clear what is believed to
be a consequence of the rest of this License.
8. If the distribution and/or use of the Program is restricted in
certain countries either by patents or by copyrighted interfaces, the
original copyright holder who places the Program under this License
may add an explicit geographical distribution limitation excluding
those countries, so that distribution is permitted only in or among
countries not thus excluded. In such case, this License incorporates
the limitation as if written in the body of this License.
9. The Free Software Foundation may publish revised and/or new versions
of the General Public License from time to time. Such new versions will
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either of that version or of any later version published by the Free
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NO WARRANTY
11. BECAUSE THE PROGRAM IS LICENSED FREE OF CHARGE, THERE IS NO WARRANTY
FOR THE PROGRAM, TO THE EXTENT PERMITTED BY APPLICABLE LAW. EXCEPT WHEN
OTHERWISE STATED IN WRITING THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND/OR OTHER PARTIES
PROVIDE THE PROGRAM "AS IS" WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EITHER EXPRESSED
OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF
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TO THE QUALITY AND PERFORMANCE OF THE PROGRAM IS WITH YOU. SHOULD THE
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REPAIR OR CORRECTION.
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WILL ANY COPYRIGHT HOLDER, OR ANY OTHER PARTY WHO MAY MODIFY AND/OR
REDISTRIBUTE THE PROGRAM AS PERMITTED ABOVE, BE LIABLE TO YOU FOR DAMAGES,
INCLUDING ANY GENERAL, SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES ARISING
OUT OF THE USE OR INABILITY TO USE THE PROGRAM (INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED
TO LOSS OF DATA OR DATA BEING RENDERED INACCURATE OR LOSSES SUSTAINED BY
YOU OR THIRD PARTIES OR A FAILURE OF THE PROGRAM TO OPERATE WITH ANY OTHER
PROGRAMS), EVEN IF SUCH HOLDER OR OTHER PARTY HAS BEEN ADVISED OF THE
POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES.
END OF TERMS AND CONDITIONS
How to Apply These Terms to Your New Programs
If you develop a new program, and you want it to be of the greatest
possible use to the public, the best way to achieve this is to make it
free software which everyone can redistribute and change under these terms.
To do so, attach the following notices to the program. It is safest
to attach them to the start of each source file to most effectively
convey the exclusion of warranty; and each file should have at least
the "copyright" line and a pointer to where the full notice is found.
<one line to give the program's name and a brief idea of what it does.>
Copyright (C) <year> <name of author>
This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
(at your option) any later version.
This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
GNU General Public License for more details.
You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along
with this program; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation, Inc.,
51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
Also add information on how to contact you by electronic and paper mail.
If the program is interactive, make it output a short notice like this
when it starts in an interactive mode:
Gnomovision version 69, Copyright (C) year name of author
Gnomovision comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY; for details type `show w'.
This is free software, and you are welcome to redistribute it
under certain conditions; type `show c' for details.
The hypothetical commands `show w' and `show c' should show the appropriate
parts of the General Public License. Of course, the commands you use may
be called something other than `show w' and `show c'; they could even be
mouse-clicks or menu items--whatever suits your program.
You should also get your employer (if you work as a programmer) or your
school, if any, to sign a "copyright disclaimer" for the program, if
necessary. Here is a sample; alter the names:
Yoyodyne, Inc., hereby disclaims all copyright interest in the program
`Gnomovision' (which makes passes at compilers) written by James Hacker.
<signature of Ty Coon>, 1 April 1989
Ty Coon, President of Vice
This General Public License does not permit incorporating your program into
proprietary programs. If your program is a subroutine library, you may
consider it more useful to permit linking proprietary applications with the
library. If this is what you want to do, use the GNU Lesser General
Public License instead of this License.

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# README
## Expanding the rootfs
```
sudo /usr/local/bin/expand-rootfs.sh
sudo systemctl reboot
```
## Notes for building your own image
1. You need the packages `appliance-tools perl-Digest-SHA pykickstart zstd` (**some packages are from the EPEL repository**).
2. You can only build `aarch64` images if your host is `aarch64`. I have not hardcoded a particular `$basearch` in the repositories
## Other
[Kickstart documentation](https://pykickstart.readthedocs.io/en/latest/kickstart-docs.html)
## Credits
- Bryan Zuelly
- Pablo Greco
- Pratham Patel
- Sherif Nagy

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# Note to self with OCD: this can be alphabetically sorted
%include includes/base-configuration.ksi
%include includes/disk-layout.ksi
%include includes/package-list.ksi
%include includes/post/post-install.ksi
%include includes/repos/repos-master.ksi

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#!/usr/bin/env bash
set -x
KICKSTART_BASE="Rocky"
KICKSTART_FILE="${KICKSTART_BASE}.ks"
APPLIANCE_NAME="${KICKSTART_BASE}-$(dnf config-manager --dump-variables | grep releasever | awk '{print $3}')-$(uname -m)-minimal-$(TZ='UTC' date +%Y.%m.%d)"
IMAGE_NAME="${APPLIANCE_NAME}.raw"
Z_IMG_NAME="${IMAGE_NAME}.zst"
COMMANDS_TO_CHECK=('appliance-creator' 'shasum' 'zstd')
for COMMAND in "${COMMANDS_TO_CHECK[@]}"; do
if ! command -v "${COMMAND}" > /dev/null; then
>&2 echo "$0: ERROR: unable to find command '${COMMAND}' in PATH"
exit 1
fi
done
appliance-creator \
--config "${KICKSTART_FILE}" \
--name "${APPLIANCE_NAME}" \
--format raw \
--outdir "${PWD}" \
--no-compress \
--debug \
--cache /root/cache \
--verbose 2>&1 | tee "log-${APPLIANCE_NAME}"|| exit 1
if [[ -d "${APPLIANCE_NAME}" ]]; then
pushd "${APPLIANCE_NAME}" || exit 1
mv -f "${APPLIANCE_NAME}-sda.raw" "${IMAGE_NAME}"
zstd --compress -9 "${IMAGE_NAME}"
sha512sum "${IMAGE_NAME}" > SHA512SUMS
sha512sum "${Z_IMG_NAME}" >> SHA512SUMS
sha256sum "${IMAGE_NAME}" > SHA256SUMS
sha256sum "${Z_IMG_NAME}" >> SHA256SUMS
popd || exit 0
else
>&2 echo "$0: ERROR: unable to find the appliance output directory"
>&2 echo "$0: ${APPLIANCE_NAME}"
exit 1
fi

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keyboard us --vckeymap=us --xlayouts=us
lang en_US.UTF-8
services --enabled=chronyd,NetworkManager,sshd
#services --disabled=
skipx # disable X by default
timezone UTC
selinux --enforcing
firewall --enabled --ssh
network --device=link --activate --bootproto=dhcp --onboot=on --hostname=rockylinux
bootloader --location=mbr --boot-drive=sda --append="rd.plymouth=0 plymouth.enable=0"
shutdown # power-off after the installation completes

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# Initialize the disk
zerombr
# Remove all partitions
clearpart --drives=sda --all
# Create partitions
# The '--size' option takes MB, not MiB
# 268 MB = 0.25 GiB
# 1072 MB = 1.00 GiB
# 4288 MB = 4.00 GiB
# Keep /boot formatted as ext4 since that's what U-Boot can read
part /boot/efi --asprimary --ondisk=sda --size=268 --label=rockyefi --fstype=efi
part /boot --asprimary --ondisk=sda --size=1072 --label=rockyboot --fstype=ext4
part / --asprimary --ondisk=sda --size=4228 --label=rockyroot --fstype=xfs

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%packages --exclude-weakdeps
# <repo>-release
#epel-release
rocky-release
# The '@core' group installs, as it's name suggests, packages that are core
# to _any_:tm: Linux distribution. This includes packages like system, passwd,
# bash, coreutils, sudo, yum, etc.
@core
# Kernel selection
kernel-stable-tfg
kernel-collabora-tfg
#kernel-lts-tfg
#kernel-rc-tfg
#kernel-next-tfg
# Other necessary packages
cloud-utils-growpart
glibc-langpack-en
NetworkManager-wifi
xfsprogs
# Extra add-ons
tmux
# Extra packages to do 'U-Boot -> GRUB -> Linux'
dracut-config-generic
efibootmgr
grub2-common
grub2-efi-aa64
grub2-efi-aa64-modules
grubby
openssh
shim-aa64
# Packages from SIG/AltArch
uboot-images-armv8 # This provides actual U-Boot binaries for SBCs
uboot-tools # This provides tools to interact with U-Boot (if stored on SPI) like fw_printenv, fw_setenv, mkimage, gen_eth_addr, etc
# Raspberry Pi firmware (needed to boot $OS on a Raspberry Pi)
bcm283x-firmware # This will pull in other RPi related firmware and bcm283x-overlays
# Trust me, they're nice!
#@standard
#appliance-tools
#aria2
#bat
#btop
#dash
#git
#gzip
#htop
#mock
#neovim
#parallel
#perl-Digest-SHA
#picocom
#procps-ng
#pykickstart
#ripgrep
#rpm-build
#rpmdevtools
#rpmlint
#ShellCheck
#util-linux
#xz
#yt-dlp
#zstd
# Remove some packages
-plymouth
-dracut-config-rescue
-java-11-*
%end

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%post
set -x
echo "Packages within this disk image"
rpm -qa --qf '%{size}\t%{name}-%{version}-%{release}.%{arch}\n' |sort -rn
# Remove all network connections and/or links
rm -v -f /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-link
rm -v -f /etc/NetworkManager/system-connections/*.nmconnection
# The 'machine-id' needs to be unique for each machine so remove ours to prevent duplication
rm -v -f /etc/machine-id
touch /etc/machine-id
# Like 'machine-id', the 'random-seed' must be generated by the machine on its own
rm -v -f /var/lib/systemd/random-seed
# Remove the RPM database, let it be re-created when the image boots for the first time
rm -v -f /var/lib/rpm/__db*
%end

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%post
set -x
# Setup networking temporarily
[ -f /etc/resolv.conf ] || echo "nameserver 1.1.1.1" > /etc/resolv.conf
# The script that expands root partition
[ -d /usr/local/bin ] || mkdir --verbose /usr/local/bin
curl 'https://git.thefossguy.com/enterprise-linux/sbc-images/raw/branch/rocky-generic/scripts/expand-rootfs.sh' --output /usr/local/bin/expand-rootfs.sh || exit 1
[ -f /usr/local/bin/expand-rootfs.sh ] && \
chmod --verbose +x /usr/local/bin/expand-rootfs.sh
# Remove the temporary 'resolv.conf' file
rm -v -f /etc/resolv.conf
%end

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%include rpm-repos-enable.ksi
%include user-setup.ksi
%include rpi-setup.ksi
%include expand-rootfs.ksi
%include cleanup.ksi

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%post
set -x
# U-Boot binaries for 32-bit and 64-bit Raspberry Pi models
# (these are loaded by /boot/efi/config.txt)
cp -v -f /usr/share/uboot/rpi_3/u-boot.bin /boot/efi/rpi3-u-boot.bin
cp -v -f /usr/share/uboot/rpi_4/u-boot.bin /boot/efi/rpi4-u-boot.bin
%end

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%post --erroronfail
set -x
# Setup networking temporarily
[ -f /etc/resolv.conf ] || echo "nameserver 1.1.1.1" > /etc/resolv.conf
# This repository is a given since it provides 'uboot-images-armv8' and
# 'uboot-tools', which are **required**.
dnf config-manager --assumeyes --add-repo "https://download.rockylinux.org/pub/sig/$(dnf config-manager --dump-variables | grep releasever | awk '{print $3}')/altarch/$(uname -m)/altarch-common"
if ! dnf repolist --enabled | grep "download.rockylinux.org_pub_sig_$(dnf config-manager --dump-variables | grep releasever | awk '{print $3}')_altarch_$(uname -m)_altarch-common" > /dev/null; then
dnf config-manager --set-enabled "download.rockylinux.org_pub_sig_$(dnf config-manager --dump-variables | grep releasever | awk '{print $3}')_altarch_$(uname -m)_altarch-common" || exit 1
fi
if dnf list installed | grep @epel > /dev/null || dnf list installed | grep epel-release > /dev/null; then
# Install the epel-release package since we don't know if a package was
# installed from EPEL or only the epel-release package was installed.
# Either way, the user definitely wants EPEL enabled, so just do that
# anyways.
dnf install --assumeyes epel-release
if ! dnf repolist --enabled | grep crb > /dev/null; then
dnf config-manager --set-enabled crb || exit 1
fi
if ! dnf repolist --enabled | grep epel > /dev/null; then
dnf config-manager --set-enabled epel || exit 1
fi
fi
# This is my (Pratham Patel) COPR that I use to provide 'kernel-stable-tfg' and
# 'kernel-lts-tfg' packages. I intend to keep it up-to-date so this is enabled
# so that users can get updates whenever upstream bumps versions.
dnf copr enable --assumeyes prathampatel/kernel-tfg "rhel-$(dnf config-manager --dump-variables | grep releasever | awk '{print $3}')-$(uname -m)"
if ! dnf repolist --enabled | grep 'copr:copr.fedorainfracloud.org:prathampatel:kernel-tfg' > /dev/null; then
dnf config-manager --set-enabled 'copr:copr.fedorainfracloud.org:prathampatel:kernel-tfg' || exit 1
fi
if dnf list installed | grep "kernel-next-tfg\|kernel-rc-tfg" > /dev/null; then
# The user has installed a package that provides either kernel-next or
# kernel-rc which comes from the the 'prathampatel/kernel-testing-tfg'
# COPR repository. Since that is used, enable it so updates reach the user.
dnf copr enable --assumeyes prathampatel/kernel-testing-tfg "rhel-$(dnf config-manager --dump-variables | grep releasever | awk '{print $3}')-$(uname -m)"
if ! dnf repolist --enabled | grep 'copr:copr.fedorainfracloud.org:prathampatel:kernel-testing-tfg' > /dev/null; then
dnf config-manager --set-enabled 'copr:copr.fedorainfracloud.org:prathampatel:kernel-testing-tfg' || exit 1
fi
fi
# Remove the temporary 'resolv.conf' file
rm -v -f /etc/resolv.conf
%end

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%post
set -x
# The official kickstart docs has a 'user' command, but using it somehow
# causes 'systemd-logind.service' to fail during boot and you are essentially
# locked out even when you enter the correct credentials
# User setup
USER_COMMENT='Rocky Linux'
USER_NAME='rocky'
USER_PASSWORD='rockylinux'
USER_GROUPS='wheel'
# The 'useradd' binary can't be found in $PATH (idk why), so
# execute it using its absolute path
/sbin/useradd \
--uid 1000 \
--create-home \
--comment "${USER_COMMENT}" \
--user-group "${USER_NAME}" \
--groups "${USER_GROUPS}"
echo -e "${USER_PASSWORD}\n${USER_PASSWORD}" | passwd "${USER_NAME}"
passwd -e "${USER_NAME}"
# Lock the root account
passwd -l root
%end

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# Enable EPEL
repo --install --name=EPEL --baseurl=https://dl.fedoraproject.org/pub/epel/$releasever/Everything/$basearch

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# Enable Pratham Patel's COPR that provides the Linux kernel
repo --install --name=COPR-kernel-tfg --baseurl=https://download.copr.fedorainfracloud.org/results/prathampatel/kernel-tfg/rhel-$releasever-$basearch
#repo --install --name=COPR-kernel-testing-tfg --baseurl=https://download.copr.fedorainfracloud.org/results/prathampatel/kernel-testing-tfg/rhel-$releasever-$basearch

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#%include epel.ksi
%include kernel-tfg.ksi
%include rocky.ksi
#%include rocky-india.ksi

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# Specify where our (EL distro) "base" resides
#url --url=https://rocky-linux-asia-south1.production.gcp.mirrors.ctrliq.cloud/pub/rocky/$releasever/BaseOS/$basearch/os
# BaseURLs for the default repositories
# The 'kernel-*' packages are disabled from these "default" repositories
# because many of the SBCs require a kernel (be it LTS or stable) that is
# newer than what our EL distro provide
#repo --install --name=AppStream --baseurl=https://rocky-linux-asia-south1.production.gcp.mirrors.ctrliq.cloud/pub/rocky/$releasever/AppStream/$basearch/os
#repo --install --name=BaseOS --baseurl=https://rocky-linux-asia-south1.production.gcp.mirrors.ctrliq.cloud/pub/rocky/$releasever/BaseOS/$basearch/os
#repo --install --name=CRB --baseurl=https://rocky-linux-asia-south1.production.gcp.mirrors.ctrliq.cloud/pub/rocky/$releasever/CRB/$basearch/os
#repo --install --name=SIG-AltArch --baseurl=https://rocky-linux-asia-south1.production.gcp.mirrors.ctrliq.cloud/pub/sig/$releasever/altarch/$basearch/altarch-common

11
includes/repos/rocky.ksi Normal file
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# Specify where our (EL distro) "base" resides
url --url=https://download.rockylinux.org/pub/rocky/$releasever/BaseOS/$basearch/os
# BaseURLs for the default repositories
# The 'kernel-*' packages are disabled from these "default" repositories
# because many of the SBCs require a kernel (be it LTS or stable) that is
# newer than what our EL distro provide
repo --install --name=AppStream --baseurl=https://download.rockylinux.org/pub/rocky/$releasever/AppStream/$basearch/os
repo --install --name=BaseOS --baseurl=https://download.rockylinux.org/pub/rocky/$releasever/BaseOS/$basearch/os
repo --install --name=CRB --baseurl=https://download.rockylinux.org/pub/rocky/$releasever/CRB/$basearch/os
repo --install --name=SIG-AltArch --baseurl=https://download.rockylinux.org/pub/sig/$releasever/altarch/$basearch/altarch-common

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scripts/expand-rootfs.sh Executable file
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#!/usr/bin/env bash
set -xeu
if [[ ${EUID} -ne 0 || ${UID} -ne 0 ]]; then
>&2 echo "$0: error: please run this script as root"
exit 1
fi
ROOT_DEVICE=$(mount | grep 'on / ' | awk '{print $1}')
ROOT_PARTITION="${ROOT_DEVICE: -1}"
if [[ "${ROOT_DEVICE}" =~ "mmcblk" || "${ROOT_DEVICE}" =~ "nvme" ]]; then
PARENT_ROOT_DEVICE=$(echo "${ROOT_DEVICE}" | rev | sed -r 's/^.{2}//' | rev)
elif [[ "${ROOT_DEVICE}" =~ "vd" || "${ROOT_DEVICE}" =~ "sd" ]]; then
PARENT_ROOT_DEVICE=$(echo "${ROOT_DEVICE}" | rev | sed -r 's/^.{1}//' | rev)
else
>&2 echo "$0: device type unsupported"
exit 1
fi
growpart "${PARENT_ROOT_DEVICE}" "${ROOT_PARTITION}"
xfs_growfs -d /

11
scripts/validate-kickstart.sh Executable file
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#!/usr/bin/env bash
KICKSTART_FILE='../Rocky.ks'
KICKSTART_VERSION="RHEL$(dnf config-manager --dump-variables | grep releasever | awk '{print $3}')"
if ! command -v ksvalidator > /dev/null; then
>&2 echo "$0: error: unable to find command 'ksvalidator'"
exit 1
fi
ksvalidator --followincludes --version "${KICKSTART_VERSION}" "${KICKSTART_FILE}"